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1 ὅλμος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `mortar', metaph. of mortarlike, i.e. hollowed objects, e.g. `mouthpiece of a flute, drinking cup, tripod of the Pythia' (Λ 147; on the meaning at this place Palmer Eranos 44, 54 f.).Other forms: ( ὄλμος)Compounds: Few compp., e. g. ὁλμο-ποιός m. `mortar manufacturer' (Arist.), ὑφ-όλμ-ιον n. `stand of an ὅλμος' (com., Poll.).Derivatives: Dimin. ὁλμίον n. (ap.), also ὁλμίσκος m. `socket of a door hinge, of a tooth' (pap., S.E., Ruf., Poll.); ὁλμειός m. = ὅλμος (sch. Ar. V. 238; after στελε(ι)ός a.o.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1140] *u̯el- `roll'Etymology: From *Ϝόλ-μος prop. `roll, cylinder', from the cylinderlike form of the mortar made from a hollowed tree (cf. Palmer l. c.); to εἰλέω `roll' (s. v.).Page in Frisk: 2,379Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὅλμος
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2 ἴγδις
ἴγδις, - εωςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `mortar' (Sol., Com., AP)Other forms: Also ἴγδη f. (Hdn. Gr., Hp.)Derivatives: Diminutive ἰγδίον (Gp., Paul. Aeg.) and the verbal noun ἴγδισμα (as from *ἰγδίζω `pound the mortar'), (also) name of a dance (EM, Suid.; cf. Lawler ClassJourn. 43, 34).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: The form resembles λίγδος `mortar' (Güntert Reimwortbildungen 158). If not a LW [loanword], which is quite possible for a technical term. (Hardly to ἴκταρ, ἴξ (s. vv.) nor to αἰχμη (s.v.). - Fur. 351 thinks it is Pre-Greek (note - γδ-); on λ-\/zero Fur. 392, 7.Page in Frisk: 1,707-708Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἴγδις
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3 φθέγμα
A sound of the voice, voice, Pi.P.8.31, A.Pr. 588 (lyr.), S.OC 1623, Ar.Nu. 319 (anap.), etc.; periphr. of a person, ὦ φθέγμ' ἀναιδές, for ὦ φθεγξάμενε ἀναιδῆ, S.OC 863, cf. Aj.14, El. 1225. -
4 κατακόπτω
+ V 3-6-10-1-2=22 Gn 14,5.7; Nm 14,45; Jos 10,10; 11,8A: to cut in pieces, to cut down, to destroy [τι] 2 Chr 15,16; id. [τινα] Gn 14,5; to cut off [τι] Is 18,5; to cut down with [τινα ἔν τινι] (semit., rendering Hebr. נכה hi.) Jer 20,4P: to be slain, to be killed 2 Mc 1,13λίθους κατακεκομμένους stones broken to pieces Is 27,9; κατακόψουσιν τὰς ῥομφαίας αὐτῶν εἰς ἄροτρα they shall beat their swords into ploughshares Mi 4,3*JgsB 20,43 κατέκοπτον they cut down-כתתו or כרתו for MT כתרו surrounded; *Am 1,5 καὶ κατακόψω and I will cut in pieces-ודומה or ודמיתי I will bring to an end for MT ותומך and the one who supports, who holds, cpr. Hos 4,5; *Zph 1,11 τὴν κατακεκομμένην that had been broken down-שׁמכת שׁכת for MT שׁהמכת the Mortar (place in Jerusalem) -
5 σύνδεσις
A binding together, of milk by fig-juice, Plu.2.697b; πρὸς τὴν τῆς κονίας ς. so as to bind the mortar or stucco, D.S.13.113; continuation of a text, POxy.1737.23 (ii/iii A.D.): metaph., τῆς ψυχῆς πρὸς [ τὸ σῶμα] Porph.Antr.14; κοινωνία καὶ ς. Procl.Inst. 32; connecting link, Pl.Ti. 43d.II (from [voice] Pass.) constriction,τοῦ δέρματος Hp.Epid.6.3.1
, cf. Oss.11, Gal.17(2).2.III Gramm., conjunctive construction, A.D.Conj.216.11.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σύνδεσις
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6 θυεία
Grammatical information: f.Dialectal forms: Myc. tuweta \/thuestās\/Derivatives: Diminut. θυ(ε)ίδιον (Ar.); with backformation θυΐς, - ίδος f. (Damokr. ap. Gal.)? - Beside it θυέστης m. `pestle' (Dionys. Trag.).Etymology: Formation like ἐγχείη (: ἔγχος) a. o.; so \< *θυεσ-ίᾱ as ία-deriv. from θύος `burnt sacrifice' (Solmsen Wortf. 250 n.); cf. the concrete words in - ία, esp. names of vases like ὑδρία, ἀντλία, in Scheller Oxytonierung 48ff. From the meaning `vase for pounding the incense' developed through generalization resp. specialization `mortar' and `oil-press' (the development of the meaning is rather strange). - θυεῖον like ἀγγεῖον. - The pestle, θυέσ-της (s. Chantraine Formation 312f.), was conceived quite personally. - Wrong Persson Stud. 204 n. 1 (s. Bq).Page in Frisk: 1,690Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θυεία
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7 τέλμα
A standing water, pond, marsh, swamp, Ar.Av. 1593, Pl.Phd. 109b, X.Oec.20.11, Men.Epit. 532, Thphr.HP1.4.2: pl., low lands subject to inundation, water-meads, Hdt.2.93, Thphr. Fr.174.1, Gal.6.709, 15.121, Jul.Mis. 358a; mud at the edge of a riverbank, Ael.VH12.46. -
8 σταυρόω
σταυρόω (σταυρός; in the sense ‘fence w. stakes’ Thu. et al.) fut. σταυρώσω; 1 aor. ἐσταύρωσα. Pass.: 1 aor. ἐσταυρώθην; pf. ἐσταύρωμαι① to fasten to a cross, crucify (Polyb. 1, 86, 4; Diod S 16, 61, 2; Epict. 2, 2, 20; Artem. 2, 53; 4, 49; Esth 7:9; 8:12r; Jos., Ant. 2, 77; 17, 295). τινά someone w. ref. to Jesus’ crucifixion (Orig., C. Cels. 4, 22, 9; s. TestSol 22:20) Mt 20:19; 23:34; 26:2; 27:22f, 26, 31, 35, 38; 28:5; Mk 15:13ff, 20, 24f, 27; 16:6; Lk 23:21, 23, 33; 24:7, 20; J 19:6ab (the doubling of the impv. as Anaxarchus [IV B.C.] in Diog. L. 9, 59 πτίσσε, πτίσσε=pound, pound away [in a mortar]), vs. 6c, 10, 15f, 18, 20, 23, 41; Ac 2:36; 4:10; 13:29 D; 1 Cor 2:8; 2 Cor 13:4; Rv 11:8; B 7:3, 9; 12:1; IEph 16:2; GPt 4:10; 12:52. Χριστὸς ἐσταυρωμένος 1 Cor 1:23; cp. 2:2; Gal 3:1. Also simply ὁ ἐσταυρωμένος MPol 17:2. ὁ σταυρωθείς (Iren. 2, 32, 4 [Harv. I 375, 12]; Orig., C. Cels. 1, 31, 20) GPt 13:56. ἀληθῶς ἐσταυρώθη he was truly crucified (in contrast to the Docetic view that the Passion was unreal; Iren. 3, 19, 3 [Harv. II 104, 3]) ITr 9:1. (On the crucifixion of Jesus s. Feigel, Weidel, and Finegan s.v. Ἰούδας 6; also EBickermann, Utilitas Crucis: RHR 112, ’35, 169–241; on Mk 15:16–32 as crucifixion narrative in the light of the Roman triumphal s. TSchmidt, NTS 41, ’95, 1–18.).—μὴ Παῦλος ἐσταυρώθη ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν; Was Paul crucifed for you?1 Cor 1:13. ἄνωθεν μέλλω σταυροῦσθαι I must once again be crucified AcPl Ha 7, 39 (cp. MartPt 6 [Aa I 88, 7; 8; 9; 12]). This last offers an interesting transition to 2, containing as it does a component expressed in 2 and also anticipation of a literal death.② destroy through connection with the crucifixion of Christ, crucify, a transcendent sense in ext. of 1, of imitation of Christ; fig. οἱ τοῦ Χριστοῦ Ἰ. τὴν σάρκα ἐσταύρωσαν those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh w. its sinful desires Gal 5:24. Pass.: of the cross of Christ, διʼ οὗ ἐμοὶ κόσμος ἐσταύρωται κἀγώ κόσμῳ through which the world has been crucified to me, and I (have been crucified) to it, the believer who is inseparably united to the Lord has died on the cross to the kind of life that belongs to this world Gal 6:14. ὁ ἐμὸς ἔρως ἐσταύρωται my passion (for worldly things) has been crucified IRo 7:2.—DELG s.v. σταυρός. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
9 λίγδην
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `superficially touching, grazing' (χ 278), ἐπιλίγδην `id.' (P 599), cf. Haas Μνήμης χάριν 1, 141.Derivatives: λίγδος m. `mortar' (Nic., also S. Fr. 35?), `earthenware form, funnel, clay mould v. t.' (Poll., Ael. Dion., H.), `lye' (Eust.), λίγδα ἡ ἀκόνη, καὶ ἡ κονία H. - Denomin. verb λιγδεύει ἀπηθεῖ H.Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably]Etymology: With λίγδα cf. ἄρδᾰ, ἔπιβδᾰ and Solmsen Wortforsch. 269. The suffixal agreement between the adv. λίγ-δην and the subst. λίγ-δος, - δα is not accidental (cf. Chantraine Form. 360); priority is of the adverb. Note further the phonetic similarity between λίγδος, of which the semantic connection with λίγδην is not immediately clear ("Reibstein [rubbing stone]" Prellwitz), and the synonymous ἴγδις, s. v. - As basis Eust. 1926, 37 assumes a further unattested verb λίζω (formed ad hoc? (" ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ λίζειν, λέξεως ὠνοματοπεποιημένης"); from Celtic and Germanic a verb is adduced with the original meaning `smear, glide etc.': OIr. ( fo)sligim `smear', also `beat' (from *'brush'), OHG slīhhan ' schlei-chen' (= `go gliding'); further several nouns, e.g. OIr. slige `comb', OWNo. slīkr `smooth', slīkisteinn `rubbing stone'; also from Slavic, e.g. Russ. slízkij `slippery, slimy'. - More forms in WP. 2, 390f., Pok. 663f., W.-Hofmann s. līma, Vasmer Wb. 2, 661. Cf. λισσός.Page in Frisk: 2,121Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λίγδην
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10 σπεύδω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to hurry, to hasten, to strive, to exert oneself', trans. `to drive, to quicken, to ply, to aspire after'.Other forms: Aor. σπεῦσαι, fut. σπεύσομαι (Il.), σπεύσω (E. a.o.), σπευσίω (Cret.), perf. ἔσπευκα (hell.), rare midd. σπεύ-δομαι (A.), pass. ἔσπευσμαι (late),Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. ἐπι-, κατα-, συ-. Compp., e.g. κενό-σπουδ-ος `seriously prosecuting frivolities' with - έω, - ία (hell.). -- 2. κατάσπευ-σις (: κατα-σπεύδω) f. `hurry' (Thd.; σπεῦσις Gloss.), σπευσ-τός (Phryn.), - τικός ( ἐπι-) `hurried' (Arist., Eust.).Derivatives: 1. σπουδ-ή f. `haste, zeal, labour, seriousness, good will' (Il.), with - αῐος `zealous, striving, serious, good' (IA) with - αιότης f. (Pl. Def., LXX a. o.), -ᾱξ ἀλετρίβανος H. (cf. below); - άζω ( ἐπι-, κατα-, συ- a. o.) `to be quick, to carry on seriously, etc.' (IA) with - ασμα, - ασμάτιον, - ασμός, - αστής, - αστός, - αστικός.Etymology: Through the maintenance of the ου-diphthong σπουδή proves to be an old derivation (cf. Schwyzer 347); the primary σπεύδω on the opposite has resisted any vowelchange. -- Good formal and semantic agreement shows Lith. spáusti (\< *spáud-ti), with pres. spáudžiu `press, squeeze', also `push, drive on', intr. `hutty'. A trace of the meaning `push' has also been supposed in σπούδαξ = ἀλετρίβανος, `pestle of a mortar' (*"oppressor"; Fick BB 29, 197). The inf. spáus-ti can be equated with σπεύδ-ω, but the pres. spáudžiu can as well be an old iterative IE *spoudéiō. With σπουδή agrees formally spaudà f. `pressure, literature'. Beside it with ū-vowel spūdà f. `throng, urgency, pressure' and spūdė́ti `be oppressed, thrust down, pain oneself, meddle'. With zero grade also Alb. punë `work, business', if from * spud-nā. Arm. p'oyt`, gen. p'ut`oy (o-stem) `zeal' however gives problems both in the an- and auslaut; cf. Lidén GHÅ 39 [1933]: 2, 49; also Hiersche Ten. aspiratae 237. -- Hypothetic further combinations with rich lit. in WP. 2, 659, Pok. 998 f. (esp. Szemerényi ZDMG 101, 205ff.) and Fraenkel s. spaudà; older lit. also in Bq.Page in Frisk: 2,765Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπεύδω
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11 ἀγγεῖον
A vessel for holding liquid or dry substances (τοῦτο.. ξηροῖς καὶ ὑγροῖς.. ἐργασθέν, ἀγγεῖον ὃ δὴ μιἇ κλήσει προσφθεγγόμεθα Pl.Plt. 287e
); of metal, ἀργύρεα ἀ. silver jars or vases for water, Hdt.1.188;ἀργυρᾶ καὶ χαλκᾶ ἀ. Plu.2.695b
; ἐν ἀ. χαλκψ mortar, Thphr.Lap.60; ξύλινα ἀ. tubs, Hdt.4.2; vessels for holding money, in a treasury, Id.2.121.β'; for masons' use, Th.4.4; ὀστράκινα ἀ. Hp.Mul.2.193, LXX La.4.2; pails or buckets used by firemen, Plu.Rom.20; sacks of leather,θύλακοι καὶ ἄλλα ἀ. X.An. 6.4.23
;τὰς ῥαφὰς τῶν ἀ. Plu.Lys.16
; for corn, LXX Ge.42.25; for wine, LXX I Ki.25.18; for bread, I Ki.9.7; box for petitions, PTaur. I ii 6 (ii B. C.), etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀγγεῖον
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12 ἀράσσω
Aἀράσσεσκον Pi.P.4.226
: [tense] fut. ἀράξω ([etym.] συν-) Hom., [dialect] Dor.ἀραξῶ Theoc.2.160
: [tense] aor. ἤραξα ([etym.] ἀπ-) Hom., [dialect] Ep. :—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. ἠράχθην, [dialect] Ep. ἀράχθην ([etym.] συν-) Hom.: [tense] fut. [voice] Med. in pass. sense,κατ-αράξεσθαι Plu.Caes.44
:— smite, dash in pieces, (Hom. only in compds. ἀπαράσσω, συναράσσω); of any violent impact, with collat. notion of rattling, clanging, as of horses,ὁπλαῖς ἀ. χθόνα Pi.
l.c.; ἄρασσε (sc. πύλας) knock at the door, E.Hec. 1044; , cf. Theoc.2.6 ([voice] Pass., of the door, open with a crash, Luc.DMeretr.15.2); pound in a mortar,ὅλμῳ ἀ. Nic. Th. 508
; ἀράσσειν στέρνα, κρᾶτα, beat the breasts, the head, in mourning, A.Pers. 1054 (lyr.), E.Tr. 279 (lyr.); ἄρασσε μᾶλλον strike harder, A.Pr.58;ὄψεις ἀράξας S.Ant.52
;ἤρασσε βλέφαρα Id.OT 1276
:—in [voice] Pass.,ὀμμάτων ἀραχθέντων Id.Ant. 975
(lyr.); also ἀ. πέτροις τινά strike with a shower of stones, E.IT 327:—[voice] Pass.,πέτροισιν ἠράσσοντο A. Pers. 460
:—a). κιθάρην strike the lyre, Orph.A. 382; ὕμνον, μέλος, etc., Nonn.D.1.15, 440, etc.2 c. dat. modi, ἀράσσειν τινὰ ὀνείδεσι, κακοῖς, assail with reproaches or threats, S.Aj. 725, Ph. 374, cf. ἐξαράσσω.II [voice] Pass., to be dashed against,πρὸς τὰς πέτρας Hdt.6.44
;πρὸς τὴν γῆν Luc.Anach.11
; of things, dash one against the other, A.R.2.553, Ael.NA16.39.—The simple Verb is poetic, used once by Hdt. and in late Prose, v. supr. (Akin to ῥάσσω, [dialect] Ion. ῥήσσω (q.v.), cf. προσαρασσόμενον· προσρησσόμενον, Hsch.). -
13 τρίβω
Aτρίβεσκον A.R.2.480
: [tense] fut. , ([etym.] ἀπο-) Od.17.232: [tense] aor.ἔτριψα Pherecr.181
; inf.τρῖψαι Od.9.333
, etc.: [tense] pf.τέτρῐφα M.Ant.9.10
, ([etym.] συν-) Eub.62:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. τρίψομαι ([etym.] προς-) Antipho 4.2.8: [tense] aor.ἐτριψάμην Call.Lav.Pall.25
, A.D. Synt.210.26:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.τριφθήσομαι App.BC4.65
, etc.;τρῐβήσομαι Plu. Dio25
, ([etym.] ἐκ-) S.OT 428, ([etym.] κατα-) X.HG5.4.60; also τετρίψομαι ([etym.] ἐπι-) Ar. Pax 246; [tense] fut. [voice] Med. in pass. sense, Th.6.18, 7.42: [tense] aor.ἐτρίφθην Id.2.77
, Hp.Epid.5.6, Antiph. 102; ([etym.] δια-) D.19.164: more freq. [tense] aor. 2 ἐτρίβην [pron. full] [ῐ] Arist.Pr. 893b40; ([etym.] δι-) Th.1.125; ([etym.] ἐκ-) Hdt.7.120; ([etym.] ἐπ-) freq. in Ar., Th. 557, al.; ([etym.] κατ-) Pl.Lg. 678d; ([etym.] συν-) Ar. Pax 71, etc.: [tense] pf. ; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl.τετρίφᾰται Hdt.2.93
. [[pron. full] ῐ only in [tense] pf. [voice] Act. and [voice] Pass., and [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Pass.]:—rub, τριβέμεναι κρῖ, i. e. thresh, thresh it out, because this was done by trampling under the feet of oxen, Il.20.496; μοχλὸν τρῖψαι ἐν ὀφθαλμῷ work round the stake in his eye, Od.9.333; χρυσὸν -όμενον βασάνῳ rubbed on a touchstone, so as to test its purity, Thgn.450; τ. τὸ σκέλος rub the leg, Pl.Phd. 60b;τὰς τῆς ψώρας ἰάσεις τῷ τρίβειν Id.Phlb. 46a
;τὸν ὀφθαλμόν Arist.Pr. 957a38
; ἀμφορέως τὸν πύνδακα ib. 938a14; τ. τὴν κεφαλήν, in sign of perplexity, Aeschin.2.49;ταῖς χερσὶ [τὰς τρίχας] τ. X.Eq.5.5
;τὸν πόδα μύροις τ. Eub.108
(hex.); of a masseur, Gal.6.151, 187; in blood-letting, Id.15.784:—[voice] Med., χρηστηρίοις ἐν τοῖσδε.. τρίβεσθαι μύσος rub one's pollution upon the shrines, pollute them with it, A.Eu. 195:—[voice] Pass., ; ὕλη τριφθεῖσα ὑπ' ἀνέμων πρὸς αὑτήν, so as to catch fire, Th.2.77;ὀδόντες τριβόμενοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους Arist. PA 661b22
.2 bruise, pound, knead, κεδρίδας, [κώνειον], Ar. Th. 486, Pl.Phd. 117b;ἑλλεβόρου ἅμαξαν Id.Euthd. 299b
;ποίαν IG 42(1).122.121
(Epid., iv B. C.); καταπλαυτόν, [μάζας], Ar.Pl. 717, Pax 8,16; κάρυα καὶ ἀμύγδαλα εἰς θυείαν τ. Chrysipp. Tyan. ap. Ath.14.648a, cf. Sor.1.62, grind,D.
18.258:—[voice] Pass.,θυμιήματα τετριμμένα Hdt.2.86
;ἄρτοι σφόδρα τετριμμένοι Arist.Pr. 929a17
, cf. b8;μηδὲν τετριμμένον, ἀλλὰ τεθλας μένων ὁ χυλός Diocl.Fr.138
.II wear out clothes (cf. τρίβων (A)),τῶν ὑποδημάτων τὰ τριβόμενα Plu.2.680a
;τελαμῶνες μὴ λίαν τετριμμένοι Sor.1.83
; of a road, wear or tread it smooth, ἀτραπὸς τετριμμένη ἡ διὰ θυείας, with a play on pounding in a mortar, Ar.Ra. 123;τὴν τετρ. ὥσπερ ὁδὸν ἐπὶ τὸν μακάριον βίον Phld.Rh.1.260
S.; τρίβει οὐρανόν goes his way through heaven (cf. τρίβος), Arat.231; τ. κύματα, of a ship, AP9.34 (Antiphil.);πόδας τρίβειν Theoc.7.123
.2 of Time, wear away, spend,δυστυχῆ τ. βίον S.El. 602
;νησιώτην τ. βίον E.Heracl.84
; (lyr.);ὀδυνηρότερον τρίψεις βίοτον Id.Pl. 526
(anap.); τ. πόλεμον prolong a war, Plb.2.63.4: abs., waste time, tarry, A.Ag. 1056, D.23.173 vulg. (διατρ. cod. S):—[voice] Pass.,ἐν τούτοις τρίβεται χρόνος ἐνίοτε μακρός Gal.16.578
; ἀμφισβήτησις.. τρειβομένη πολλῶν ἐτῶν prolonged, OGI502.3 (Aezani, ii A. D.).III of persons, wear out,σκολιῇσι δίκῃσι ἀλλήλους τρίβουσι Hes.Op. 251
; τρίβεσθαι κακοῖσι to be worn out by ills, Il.23.735; (anap.); τ. ἀμφοτέρους wear them both out, Th.8.56, cf. 7.48, Plu.Caes.40:—[voice] Med., τρίψεσθαι αὐτὴν περὶ αὑτήν wear itself out by internal struggles, Th.6.18, cf. 7.42:—[voice] Pass., oppressed,Hdt.
2.124; l. c.; τρίβεσθαι μάτην τερὶ ( ἐπὶ codd.)τὴν δίωξιν Plu.Pomp.41
.2 of money and property, waste, squander it, .3 use constantly,κατώμοσα.. μὴ πολὺν χρόνον θεοὺς ἔτι σκῆπτρα τἀμὰ τρίψειν Ar.Av. 636
(lyr.);κοινὰ ὀνόματα καὶ τετριμμένα D.H.Comp. 25
;ἡ τετρ. καὶ κοινὴ διάλεκτος Id.Th.23
;τετρ. σχηματισμός
in common use,A.D.
Pron.115.16, cf. S.E.M.1.229.4 [voice] Pass., to be much busied or engrossed with a thing,πολέμῳ Hdt.3.134
; ἀμφ' ἀρετῇ τ. practise oneself in, use oneself to it, Thgn.465;τρίβεσθαι περὶ τοὺς δυνατούς Philostr.VA4.41
: esp. in [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass. τετριμμένος, practised, expert,ἔμπειροι καὶ τ. Phld.Rh.2.281
S.;οἱ ἐν ποήμασι τ. Id.Po.5.21
; τ. ἀκοή a trained, expert ear, ib.24;πολεμικὸς καὶ τετρ. δι' ὅπλων Plu.Eum.11
;ἀνὴρ φιλοπόνως ἐπὶ τῶν ἔργων τετρ. Gal.15.585
, cf. 623. -
14 πῶρος (1)
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `tuff' (Arist., Thphr., hell. inscr. a.o.), in Anatolia `stone- or chalk-formation, concretion, stone in the bladder, kidney etc.' (Hp., Arist. a.o.).Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in πωρ-όμφαλον n. subst. bahuvrihi `concretion in the navel' (Gal.).Derivatives: 1. Dimin. πωρ-ίον, - ίδιον n. `callosity' (medic.); 2. adj. πώρ-ινος `of tuff' (Hdt., Ar., hell. inscr. a.o.), - εία λίθος `tuff' (Str.), - ώδης 'π. -like' (Gal.); 3. verb πωρ-όομαι, - όω, also w. δια-, ἐπι-, συν-, `to petrify, to harden, to grow together in a concretion, grow hard' (Hp., Arist., Thphr., NT) with ( ἐπι-) πώρ-ωμα, - ωσις `petrification, concretion' (Hp., Gal., NT). 4. πωρ-ίασις f. `callus on the eye-lid' (Gal.), as if from *πωρ-ιᾶν (Schwyzer 732).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Orig. indicating a kind of stone and at home in building, πῶρος with its derivv. was used esp. by the medics. No etymology. Acc. to Haupt Actes du 16. congr. des orient. (1912) 84f. from Assyr. pûlu `shell-lime'. With πωρεῖν κηδεύειν, πενθεῖν, πωρῆσαι λυπῆσαι H. and πωρητύς f. `pain' (Antim.) no connection seems possible. Cf. however ταλαίπωρος. -- Furnée 328 connects *ψῶρος in ψωρίτης λίθος `a kind of marble' (Cyran 46), and Hitt. purut- `loam, chalk, mortar'.Page in Frisk: 2,635Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πῶρος (1)
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15 κόπτω
Aκόψω Hippon.83
, Men.Pk.64, etc.: [tense] aor. ἔκοψα, [dialect] Ep.κόψα Il.13.203
: [tense] pf. κέκοφα (ἐκ-) X.HG6.5.37, ( περι-) Lys.14.42, ( συγ-) Pl.Tht. 169b; [dialect] Ep. part.κεκοπώς Il.13.60
(v.l. -φώς, -πών), Od.18.335:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. : [tense] aor.ἐκοψάμην Hdt.4.166
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. κεκόψομαι ( ἀπο-) Ar.Nu. 1125, (ἐκ-) Id.Ra. 1223, ( κατα-) X.An.1.5.16, , Gal.13.759: [tense] aor. , Ar.Ra. 723, Th.8.13: [tense] pf. :— cut, strike,1 smite,ο' ἀμφὶ κάρη κεκοπὼς χερσὶ στιβαρῇσι Od.18.335
: c. dupl. acc., κόψε δὲ παπτήναντα παρήϊον smote him on the cheek, Il.23.690.2 smite with weapons,κόπτοντες δούρεσσι μετάφρενον Od.8.528
;τοῖσι Πέρσῃσι εἵποντο κόπτοντες Hdt.6.113
: metaph. in [voice] Pass., with play on words,αἰεὶ κόπτῃ ῥήμασι καὶ κοπίσιν AP11.335
.3 smite, slaughter an animal with an axe or mallet,κόψας ἐξόπιθεν κεράων βοός Il.17.521
, cf. Od.14.425, X.An.2.1.6; in Trag., A.Ag. 1278, Eu. 635, E.El. 838.4 cut off, chop off,κεφαλὴν ἀπὸ δειρῆς κόψεν Il.13.203
;χεῖράς τ' ἠδὲ πόδας κόπτον Od.22.477
;κ. [τὰ γέρρα] ταῖς μαχαίραις X.An.4.6.26
; κ. δένδρα cut down or fell trees, Th.2.75, X. HG5.2.39,43; κ. τὴν χώραν lay it waste, ib.3.2.26, 4.6.5:—in [voice] Pass., of ships, to be shattered, disabled by the enemy, Th.4.14,8.13:—metaph.,φρενῶν κεκομμένος A.Ag. 479
(lyr.); τὸν ὕπνον ἁ φροντὶς κόπτοισα preventing, Theoc.21.28; [πνεῦμα] κοπτόμενον being suddenly stopped, arrested, Arist.Mete. 367a10.5 strike, beat a horse, to make him go faster,κόψε δ' Ὀδυσσεὺς τόξῳ Il.10.513
; also σκηπανίῳ Γαιήοχος ἀμφοτέρω (sc. Αἴαντε)κεκοπὼς πλῆσεν μένεος 13.60
.6 hammer, forge,κόπτε δὲ δεσμούς 18.379
, Od.8.274; later, stamp metal, i.e. coin money,κ. νόμισμα IG12(5).480.11
(Siphnos, Athenian Law), Xenoph.4, Hdt.3.56:—[voice] Med., coin oneself money, order to be coined,κ. χρυσοῦ καὶ ἀργύρου νόμισμα Id.1.94
, cf. 4.166:—[voice] Pass., of money, to be stamped or coined, [νομίσμασιν] μόνοις ὀρθῶς κοπεῖσι Ar.Ra. 723
, cf. 726.7 knock or rap at, , Pl. 1097, And. 1.41, X.HG5.4.7, Men.Epit. 538, Phld.Vit.p.30 J., Plu.Alc.8, etc.; without θύραν, οὗτος, τί κόπτεις; Ar.Ec. 976.8 pound, bray in a mortar,κυπἐρου κεκομμένου Hdt.4.71
; ἀσταφίδα κεκ. Alex.127.4; ἔλαιον κεκ., i.e. pure oil, LXX 3 Ki.5.11.9 knock, dash about,τὸ ὕδωρ ὅταν κοπῇ Pl.Ti. 60b
;κόνις.. κοπτομένη.. ὑφ' ἅρμασι Hes. Sc.63
;θάλασσα κοπτομένη πνοιαῖς Theoc.22.16
.10 of birds, peck, Arist.HA 609b5; ὁ ἁλιάετος.. τὰ λιμναῖα κ. preys on the lagoon life, ib. 593b24; σπειρὴν κ. peck at, Arat.449; of fish, gnaw, Arist.HA 620b17; of a snake, strike, Il.12.204:—[voice] Pass., of wood or seeds, to be worm-eaten, Thphr.HP3.18.5, 8.11.2.b munch, masticate, dub. in Chionid.6.11 ὁ ἵππος κ. τὸν ἀναβάτην jars his rider by his paces, X.Eq.1.4:—[voice] Pass., ib.8.7, Hp.Aër.21.12 κ. ὄνους dress, prepare mill-stones for use, Alex.13; set, sharpen, Herod.6.84:—[voice] Med., AP 11.253 (Lucill.).13 metaph., tire out, weary,μήθ' ὑμῖν ἐνοχλῶ μήτ' ἐμαυτὸν κ. D.Prooem.29
, cf. Alciphr.2.3;λέγων φαίνου τι δὴ καινὸν.., ἢ μὴ κόπτε με Hegesipp.1.3
, cf. Sosip.1.20;μὴ κόπτ' ἔμ', ἀλλὰ τὰ κρέα Alex.173.12
;κ. τὴν ἀκρόασιν D.H.Comp.19
;κ. τὰ ὦτα Poll.6.119
;κ. ἐρωτήμασιν ἀκαίροις Plu.Phoc.7
, cf. Moer.p.74 P.:—[voice] Pass., to be worn out, .II [voice] Med. κόπτομαι, beat or strike oneself, beat one's breast or head through grief,κεφαλὴν δ' ὅ γε κόψατο χερσίν Il.22.33
, cf. Hdt.2.121.δ (also [voice] Act. τί κόπτεις τὴν κεφαλήν; Men.Her.4);κόπτεσθαι μέτωπα Hdt.6.58
(with μαχαίρῃσι added 2.61): abs., Pl.Phd. 60b, R. 619c: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., [πόλις] κέκοπται A.Pers. 683
:—[voice] Act. c. acc. cogn.,ἐκοψα κομμὸν Ἄριον Id.Ch. 423
(lyr.).2 κόπτεσθαί τινα mourn for any one,κόπτεσθ' Ἄδωνιν Ar.Lys. 396
, cf. Ev.Luc.8.52; but alsoἐπί τινα Apoc.1.7
, 18.9 (v.l. αὐτῇ). (Cf. Lith. kapóti, Lett. kapāt 'chop small', 'beat', 'stamp', Lat. capo 'capon', perh. σκέπαρνον.) -
16 λεαίνω
A ; [dialect] Ep.λειᾰνέω Il.15.261
: [tense] aor. 1ἐλέηνα Hdt.1.200
, Nic.Fr.70.15, - ᾱνα Arist.GA 788b31,ἐλείανα IG12.372E11
,373.174; [dialect] Ep. ἐλείηνα, λείηνα, Il.4.111, Od.8.260:—[voice] Med., Muson.Fr.18 B p.101 H.: [dialect] Ep.[tense] aor. :—[voice] Pass., Pl.Plt. 270e: [tense] aor.ἐλεάνθην Dsc.3.158
, S.E.P.1.130; [dialect] Ion.subj.λειανθέωσι Hp.Mul.2.168
; part.λειανθείς Gp.11.13.2
, Philotim. ap. Orib.4.10.1: [tense] pf.inf.λελειάνθαι Thphr.Fr.30.2
, Ph.2.510; part.λελεασμένος Damocr.
ap. Gal.13.989, Dsc.5.75, Dieuch. ap. Orib.4.6.2, Porph.Abst.4.7,λελειασμένος Ph.1.302
:—smooth, polish, of a worker in horn or stone,πᾶν δ' εὖ λειήνας Il.4.111
, cf. IGll.cc.; ἵπποισι κέλευθον πᾶσαν λειανέω I will smooth the way, Il.15.261;λείηναν δὲ χορόν Od.8.260
,λ. τὰ τραχυνθέντα Pl. Ti. 66c
; λ. τὰ κηρία, of bees, Arist.HA 625b19:—[voice] Pass.,λεαινόμενοι τὰ σώματα Theopomp.Hist.195
.2 triturate, pound in a mortar, Hdt.l.c.; grind down (of the teeth), X.Mem.1.4.6, Arist.Ph. 198b26, HA 501b31, Nic.Th.95, Ph.1.63:—[voice] Med., grind small, Nic.Th. 646:— [voice] Pass., Philotim. ap. Orib. l.c.b generally, crush, extirpate,τὰ φυόμενα Hdt.4.122
.3 smooth away,τὰς τῶν σκυτῶν ῥυτίδας Pl. Smp. 191a
, cf. Plt.l.c. ([voice] Pass.): metaph., smooth or soften down,τὸν Μαρδονίον λόγον Hdt.8.142
;τὸ ἐπίχολον λ. τῷ ὕπνῳ Philostr.Im.2.11
; polish style, D.H.Comp.16: metaph., also, λ. τὴν κατάποσιν tickle the palate, Muson.l.c.;τὴν ἀκοήν D.H.Comp.12
: abs., [ὁ χυλὸς] λεαίνει lubricates, soothes, Thphr.CP6.2.1.II intr., to be smooth, Arist.Pr. 936a15. -
17 ὅλμος
A a round smooth stone (περιφερὴς λίθος μάρμαρος, Hsch.),χεῖρας ἀπὸ ξίφεϊ τμήξας ἀπό τ' αὐχένα κόψας, ὅλμον δ' ὣς ἔσσενε κυλίνδεσθαι δι' ὁμίλου Il.11.147
(from which passage it was taken to signify the human trunk, Poll.2.162, EM460.17).II later, any cylindrical or bowl-shaped body:1 mortar, Hes.Op. 423, Hdt.1.200, IG22.1126.24, 12(5).872.82(Tenos, iii B. C.), PLille9.9 (iii B. C.), etc.3 hollow seat on which the Pythia prophesied, hence prov.,ἐν ὅλμῳ κοιμᾶσθαι Plu.Prov.2.14
;ἐν ὅ. εὐνάσω Zen.3.63
; τοῦ τοίχου τὸ μέρος τοῦ κατὰ τὸν ὅλμον (in the temple of Amphiaraus at Rhamnus),Ἐφ.Ἀρχ. 1909.271
.4 drinking-vessel, Menesth.1.6 dial,ὅλμου τοῦ λιθίνου ὃς ἐκαλεῖτο Ἑλληνιστὶ [γν] ώμων PHib.1.27.26
(iii B. C.).7 stone used as a weight, prov.ὅ. ὑπὲρ κεφαλῆς Lib.Ep.473.3
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18 αἰχμή
Grammatical information: f.Compounds: αἰχμ-άλωτος `prisoner-of-war' (Pi.)Derivatives: αἰχμητής `spearman, warrior' (Il.). - Denominativum: αἰχμάζω `throw the spear, arm with a spear' (Il.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [15] *h₂eiḱ- `spear'Etymology: Mycenaean proves *aiksmā. The word was connected with αἶκλοι αἱ γωνίαι τοῦ βέλους H. and with Lith. iẽšmas, OPr. aysmis `spit' (\< -ḱ(s)m-); the original meaning must have been `point'. In Greek further Cypr. ἰκμαμένος `wounded' (Ruijgh El. ach. 136), ἰκτέα ἀκόντιον H.and perhaps ἴκταρ `near'. Uncertain: ἴγδις f. (Sol.), ἴγδη (Hp.) `mortar'.Page in Frisk: 1,48Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > αἰχμή
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19 θυεία
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20 πηλός
πηλός ([dialect] Dor. [full] πᾱλός Sophr.32, Cerc.3.3, IG5(1).1447.16 (Messene, iii/ii B. C.)), ὁ, Syrac. ἡ Phryn.38:—A clay, earth, used by masons and potters, Hdt.2.36, 136, Ar.Av. 1143, Th.2.76, Pl.Tht. 147a, Plb.15.35.2;πηλὸν ὀργάζειν Eup.248
, S.Fr. 482, cf. 510, 787, Ar.Av. 839; π. ἠχυρωμένος clay mixed with chaff for use as mortar, IG22.463.42, cf. 5(1)l.c., LXXGe.11.3; εὐώδεϊ πηλῷ, of earth on which wine has been poured, Tryph.349; Βρομιώδεα π. φύρησαν.. Χάριτες, of a drinkingcup, AP11.27 (Maced.): metaph., clay from which man was made: hence ὁ π. ὁ Προμηθεῖος, of man, Call.Fr.87, cf. 133, Ar.Av. 686;ἐκ ποίου πηλοῦ πεφύρητ' εἰδότα Herod.2.29
.2 mud, mire, Hdt.2.5, 4.28, Ar.V. 248, Th.2.4, Pl.R. 363d, etc.: prov.,ἔξω κομίζειν πηλοῦ πόδα A.Ch. 697
; κάσις πηλοῦ ξύνουρος, i. e. dust, Id.Ag. 495: metaph., l.c.
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